Chapter 782: 782
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Therefore, when Yang Jing learned the bad news, she was also a little silly and couldn't speak for a long time.
"Cole, you must have a way, don't you? You must have a way to help Vivian, right? I know you, I know you, and I've been with you since 13 years ago, so you must help me and help me keep Vivian this time..."
Old Mike saw something from Yang Jing's expression, but he still begged Yang Jing. At this time, Yang Jing was almost his only spiritual pillar.
Especially in recent years, this person who is nearly 20 years younger than himself is so magical. He started from a mere 30 million US dollars, increased the 30 million US dollars more than 10000 times in 13 years, and developed a small dragon fund into the largest and most terrorist fund in the world.
How can such an omnipotent boss not treat Vivian?
"Hey, Mike, calm down first." Yang Jing recovered, patted the old shoulder and said softly, "can you tell me about Vivian? I need to know from beginning to end in order to find a way to solve the problem. I can't help you now."
Yang Jing's words immediately brightened old Mike's eyes again. He firmly grasped Yang Jing's hand and asked in an extremely eager tone: "cole, can you really save Vivian's life?"
Yang Jing didn't nod or shake his head. Now he doesn't know whether his acupuncture can completely treat this incurable disease, so he doesn't dare to give old Mike any guarantee.
It's definitely a very wrong way to promise at this time. If you can't finish it after you promise, it's a fatal blow to old Mike. Yang Jing doesn't want to alienate herself as a capable assistant because of a small guarantee.
"Mike, I don't know about Vivian now, so I need you to tell me. Mike, you shouldn't be like this at this time, because if you want to save Vivian, you can't panic first. Even you don't have the confidence to save Vivian, can you expect others? So, what you need to do now is to cheer up yourself first So that you can have enough strength to save your Vivian. "
Old Mike took a deep breath and bit his cheek. Then he nodded heavily and raised his head again.
"Cole, Vivian felt a little uncomfortable at the beginning of last month, so she went to the hospital for examination. The result given by the doctor was Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia. The doctor said that Vivian's disease was in the chronic stage and not in the transformation stage, but according to the examination results, Vivian found it at the beginning of the chronic stage It's a kind of disease, but if there are no special control methods and drugs, he will enter the transformation period in two years at most. By that time, he will be almost hopeless. "
Although old Mike's tone was very sad, his words were clear and clear. It can be seen that he is trying to cheer up now.
Yang Jing asked, "so, have you applied for bone marrow matching?"
Bone marrow transplantation is the best way to completely cure this disease. Of course, if old Mike and Vivian can regenerate a child, it is better to take stem cells from umbilical cord blood for treatment than bone marrow transplantation, but with the age of old Mike and Vivian, it is obviously impossible to regenerate children. Vivian has already menopause, let alone her body does not allow children.
Therefore, bone marrow transplantation is the best medical means at present.
But similarly, even in the United States, bone marrow transplantation is not transplantation as you want, and bone marrow matching is difficult even in the United States. It's not rare that a year or two can't match the model.
"Well, I applied, but I'm afraid I don't have much hope," old Mike said with a heavy heart. "Bone marrow matching depends on luck. It's normal if it doesn't match. Only a few people can find the right bone marrow for transplantation. Sorry, Cole, I just said I want to resign because I'm afraid I can't find the right bone marrow. In that case, I can only accompany Vivian and accompany her through the last part of her life."
Yang Jing patted the back of the old hand and said, "Mike, I can understand your mood. If it were me, I would do the same. So, is Vivian just taking medication now?"
"Well, she is mainly controlled by malilan tablets now, but that kind of medicine has great toxic and side effects. Vivian has had a hard time these days."
"Malilan tablets?" Yang Jing hesitated a little, and then realized that this drug had another name in China, that is, baixiao'an tablets. Before Novartis developed Gleevec, this drug and hydroxyurea sulfate were the best drugs to control leukemia.
However, these two drugs have great toxic and side effects, and the therapeutic effect is far less than that of the famous Gleevec in later generations.
Because Yang Jing saw the film "I'm not a god of medicine" last year and was very moved, he specially inquired about the source of the drug "Lenin" in the film. He knew very well about the real ANTI LEUKEMIA God drug greavel.
But now, although greavel's research and development has already had an eye, it is only an eye. It is still six years before the real greavel carries out its first human experiment.
Moreover, during this period, even Novartis has not been established. It will not be until 1996 that Swiss pharmaceutical companies Ciba geigy and Sandoz will merge into Novartis. But obviously, it is difficult for Vivian to persist for two or three years without the specific control drug greavel.
But it is obviously not an easy thing to develop greavel at once. The R & D of greavel itself has gone through a long and tortuous road.
Since the discovery of leukemia, human beings have been fighting against this incurable disease. In the 1950s and 1960s, the mainstream academic circles generally believed that "virus is the main cause of tumor". At this time, Nowell and hangford of the Cancer Institute of the University of Pennsylvania began to do a "deviant" thing. They were trying to find changes in genetic material in tumor cells.
In 1973, Dr. Janet Raleigh, a female doctor at the University of Chicago, joined the study.
Until the 1980s, with the rise of oncogene research, Dr. annilis, a New Zealand scientist, found that a homologous gene sequence of human and mouse leukemia virus c-Abl was translocated from chromosome 9 to the long arm of chromosome 22. This conclusion shows that the translocation of c-Abl leads to the occurrence of CML.
From Dr. Nowell's discovery of Philadelphia chromosome in 1960 to Dr. Janet Raleigh's determination that Philadelphia chromosome was caused by chromosome translocation in 1973, and finally to Dr. annilis's discovery in 1982 that oncogene c-Abl was translocated and fused with BCR to continuously activate tyrosine kinase, which finally led to the occurrence of CML. It took 22 years.
The cause of leukemia has been found, but it has taken nearly 20 years to find a solution to this pathology.
In 1993, Brian Drucker, 38, came to Oregon University of Health Sciences in Portland to conduct scientific research on CML. During this period, Drucker and his colleagues in Boston developed a new method for measuring bcr-abl enzyme activity using specially designed antibodies. This method can be regarded as an invaluable tool for evaluating the potential therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia. While finding this method, Drucker must compete with competitors from other research centers to find a drug that inactivates key enzymes to inhibit cancer and allow the remaining healthy tissues to survive.
Nick Leiden, a biochemist at Ciba geigy, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, is an old acquaintance of Drucker. Nick called Drucker and told him that his company had something Drucker was looking for.
The drug is called STI571, which is the name of Gleevec during its development. Although it was accidentally synthesized by chemists of Ciba geigy company when looking for a new anti-inflammatory drug, through in vitro experiments, the researchers found that STI571 could inhibit the activity of the enzyme. However, they are not sure how to use the compound.
In other words, Ciba geigy has a key enzyme at this critical moment, and Drucker knows how to use this key enzyme. As soon as the two met, the dry firewood met the fire and immediately had a violent chemical reaction.
In August 1993, Drucker received the first batch of liquid STI571 samples and other candidate compounds from Switzerland. Using the enzyme detection technology developed with his assistance, he confirmed that STI571 can strongly inhibit bcr-abl enzyme.
However, although the experiment in the laboratory is very successful, the effect of experiment on animals is not satisfactory.
However, in 1997, Drucker published a large number of relevant papers with collaborators from Portland and Switzerland. He believes compound STI571 is ready for human trials. However, Novartis did not agree to conduct human experiments at this time, because in previous animal experiments, it was always impossible to solve the phenomenon that dogs administered intravenously would have blood clots at the end of the catheter, and these animals would show signs of liver injury when large doses were injected into dogs.
Under the premise that this situation could not be solved, Novartis even suggested to abandon the project completely.
However, Novartis's retreat did not make Drucker retreat. After all, chemotherapy will also be destructive to the canine body. So he bypassed Novartis and reported directly to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In June 1998, after obtaining FDA approval, Drucker used STI571 to treat a 68 year old Oregon man with chronic myeloid leukemia.
The effect of clinical treatment is naturally no problem, and the side effects of previous experiments on dogs are gone. It can be said that this first clinical trial has been a complete success.
With more and more leukemia patients volunteering to join the clinical experiment, this drug has achieved better curative effect. Therefore, in 2001, Novartis submitted the new drug application report to the FDA, and the result was approved within two and a half months - the fastest drug review in FDA history. It is also one of the few clinical first-line new drugs directly approved in the form of "green channel" only after passing phase I clinical trial.
In May 2001, the US government announced that this new drug, named Gleevec by Novartis in the North American market and Glivec in Europe, would be used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
This is the whole process of greavel's emergence. It has gone through nearly half a century, and the total research funds have exceeded US $5 billion!
This drug is indeed the best drug for the treatment of leukemia. After using this drug, many leukemia patients can survive for five or six years, even without bone marrow transplantation. Some patients can even survive for more than ten or twenty years.
Of course, the price of this drug is also very expensive. At least in China, this drug is definitely not affordable to ordinary people.
"I'm not a god of medicine", but it was based on all kinds of things caused by this medicine in China.
However, in this era, greavel has not been developed yet
PS: bow and thank "little fish 62" and "very lazy fish" for their reward of 100.
Please report us if you find any errors so we can fix it asap!
Therefore, when Yang Jing learned the bad news, she was also a little silly and couldn't speak for a long time.
"Cole, you must have a way, don't you? You must have a way to help Vivian, right? I know you, I know you, and I've been with you since 13 years ago, so you must help me and help me keep Vivian this time..."
Old Mike saw something from Yang Jing's expression, but he still begged Yang Jing. At this time, Yang Jing was almost his only spiritual pillar.
Especially in recent years, this person who is nearly 20 years younger than himself is so magical. He started from a mere 30 million US dollars, increased the 30 million US dollars more than 10000 times in 13 years, and developed a small dragon fund into the largest and most terrorist fund in the world.
How can such an omnipotent boss not treat Vivian?
"Hey, Mike, calm down first." Yang Jing recovered, patted the old shoulder and said softly, "can you tell me about Vivian? I need to know from beginning to end in order to find a way to solve the problem. I can't help you now."
Yang Jing's words immediately brightened old Mike's eyes again. He firmly grasped Yang Jing's hand and asked in an extremely eager tone: "cole, can you really save Vivian's life?"
Yang Jing didn't nod or shake his head. Now he doesn't know whether his acupuncture can completely treat this incurable disease, so he doesn't dare to give old Mike any guarantee.
It's definitely a very wrong way to promise at this time. If you can't finish it after you promise, it's a fatal blow to old Mike. Yang Jing doesn't want to alienate herself as a capable assistant because of a small guarantee.
"Mike, I don't know about Vivian now, so I need you to tell me. Mike, you shouldn't be like this at this time, because if you want to save Vivian, you can't panic first. Even you don't have the confidence to save Vivian, can you expect others? So, what you need to do now is to cheer up yourself first So that you can have enough strength to save your Vivian. "
Old Mike took a deep breath and bit his cheek. Then he nodded heavily and raised his head again.
"Cole, Vivian felt a little uncomfortable at the beginning of last month, so she went to the hospital for examination. The result given by the doctor was Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia. The doctor said that Vivian's disease was in the chronic stage and not in the transformation stage, but according to the examination results, Vivian found it at the beginning of the chronic stage It's a kind of disease, but if there are no special control methods and drugs, he will enter the transformation period in two years at most. By that time, he will be almost hopeless. "
Although old Mike's tone was very sad, his words were clear and clear. It can be seen that he is trying to cheer up now.
Yang Jing asked, "so, have you applied for bone marrow matching?"
Bone marrow transplantation is the best way to completely cure this disease. Of course, if old Mike and Vivian can regenerate a child, it is better to take stem cells from umbilical cord blood for treatment than bone marrow transplantation, but with the age of old Mike and Vivian, it is obviously impossible to regenerate children. Vivian has already menopause, let alone her body does not allow children.
Therefore, bone marrow transplantation is the best medical means at present.
But similarly, even in the United States, bone marrow transplantation is not transplantation as you want, and bone marrow matching is difficult even in the United States. It's not rare that a year or two can't match the model.
"Well, I applied, but I'm afraid I don't have much hope," old Mike said with a heavy heart. "Bone marrow matching depends on luck. It's normal if it doesn't match. Only a few people can find the right bone marrow for transplantation. Sorry, Cole, I just said I want to resign because I'm afraid I can't find the right bone marrow. In that case, I can only accompany Vivian and accompany her through the last part of her life."
Yang Jing patted the back of the old hand and said, "Mike, I can understand your mood. If it were me, I would do the same. So, is Vivian just taking medication now?"
"Well, she is mainly controlled by malilan tablets now, but that kind of medicine has great toxic and side effects. Vivian has had a hard time these days."
"Malilan tablets?" Yang Jing hesitated a little, and then realized that this drug had another name in China, that is, baixiao'an tablets. Before Novartis developed Gleevec, this drug and hydroxyurea sulfate were the best drugs to control leukemia.
However, these two drugs have great toxic and side effects, and the therapeutic effect is far less than that of the famous Gleevec in later generations.
Because Yang Jing saw the film "I'm not a god of medicine" last year and was very moved, he specially inquired about the source of the drug "Lenin" in the film. He knew very well about the real ANTI LEUKEMIA God drug greavel.
But now, although greavel's research and development has already had an eye, it is only an eye. It is still six years before the real greavel carries out its first human experiment.
Moreover, during this period, even Novartis has not been established. It will not be until 1996 that Swiss pharmaceutical companies Ciba geigy and Sandoz will merge into Novartis. But obviously, it is difficult for Vivian to persist for two or three years without the specific control drug greavel.
But it is obviously not an easy thing to develop greavel at once. The R & D of greavel itself has gone through a long and tortuous road.
Since the discovery of leukemia, human beings have been fighting against this incurable disease. In the 1950s and 1960s, the mainstream academic circles generally believed that "virus is the main cause of tumor". At this time, Nowell and hangford of the Cancer Institute of the University of Pennsylvania began to do a "deviant" thing. They were trying to find changes in genetic material in tumor cells.
In 1973, Dr. Janet Raleigh, a female doctor at the University of Chicago, joined the study.
Until the 1980s, with the rise of oncogene research, Dr. annilis, a New Zealand scientist, found that a homologous gene sequence of human and mouse leukemia virus c-Abl was translocated from chromosome 9 to the long arm of chromosome 22. This conclusion shows that the translocation of c-Abl leads to the occurrence of CML.
From Dr. Nowell's discovery of Philadelphia chromosome in 1960 to Dr. Janet Raleigh's determination that Philadelphia chromosome was caused by chromosome translocation in 1973, and finally to Dr. annilis's discovery in 1982 that oncogene c-Abl was translocated and fused with BCR to continuously activate tyrosine kinase, which finally led to the occurrence of CML. It took 22 years.
The cause of leukemia has been found, but it has taken nearly 20 years to find a solution to this pathology.
In 1993, Brian Drucker, 38, came to Oregon University of Health Sciences in Portland to conduct scientific research on CML. During this period, Drucker and his colleagues in Boston developed a new method for measuring bcr-abl enzyme activity using specially designed antibodies. This method can be regarded as an invaluable tool for evaluating the potential therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia. While finding this method, Drucker must compete with competitors from other research centers to find a drug that inactivates key enzymes to inhibit cancer and allow the remaining healthy tissues to survive.
Nick Leiden, a biochemist at Ciba geigy, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, is an old acquaintance of Drucker. Nick called Drucker and told him that his company had something Drucker was looking for.
The drug is called STI571, which is the name of Gleevec during its development. Although it was accidentally synthesized by chemists of Ciba geigy company when looking for a new anti-inflammatory drug, through in vitro experiments, the researchers found that STI571 could inhibit the activity of the enzyme. However, they are not sure how to use the compound.
In other words, Ciba geigy has a key enzyme at this critical moment, and Drucker knows how to use this key enzyme. As soon as the two met, the dry firewood met the fire and immediately had a violent chemical reaction.
In August 1993, Drucker received the first batch of liquid STI571 samples and other candidate compounds from Switzerland. Using the enzyme detection technology developed with his assistance, he confirmed that STI571 can strongly inhibit bcr-abl enzyme.
However, although the experiment in the laboratory is very successful, the effect of experiment on animals is not satisfactory.
However, in 1997, Drucker published a large number of relevant papers with collaborators from Portland and Switzerland. He believes compound STI571 is ready for human trials. However, Novartis did not agree to conduct human experiments at this time, because in previous animal experiments, it was always impossible to solve the phenomenon that dogs administered intravenously would have blood clots at the end of the catheter, and these animals would show signs of liver injury when large doses were injected into dogs.
Under the premise that this situation could not be solved, Novartis even suggested to abandon the project completely.
However, Novartis's retreat did not make Drucker retreat. After all, chemotherapy will also be destructive to the canine body. So he bypassed Novartis and reported directly to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). In June 1998, after obtaining FDA approval, Drucker used STI571 to treat a 68 year old Oregon man with chronic myeloid leukemia.
The effect of clinical treatment is naturally no problem, and the side effects of previous experiments on dogs are gone. It can be said that this first clinical trial has been a complete success.
With more and more leukemia patients volunteering to join the clinical experiment, this drug has achieved better curative effect. Therefore, in 2001, Novartis submitted the new drug application report to the FDA, and the result was approved within two and a half months - the fastest drug review in FDA history. It is also one of the few clinical first-line new drugs directly approved in the form of "green channel" only after passing phase I clinical trial.
In May 2001, the US government announced that this new drug, named Gleevec by Novartis in the North American market and Glivec in Europe, would be used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.
This is the whole process of greavel's emergence. It has gone through nearly half a century, and the total research funds have exceeded US $5 billion!
This drug is indeed the best drug for the treatment of leukemia. After using this drug, many leukemia patients can survive for five or six years, even without bone marrow transplantation. Some patients can even survive for more than ten or twenty years.
Of course, the price of this drug is also very expensive. At least in China, this drug is definitely not affordable to ordinary people.
"I'm not a god of medicine", but it was based on all kinds of things caused by this medicine in China.
However, in this era, greavel has not been developed yet
PS: bow and thank "little fish 62" and "very lazy fish" for their reward of 100.
Therefore, when Yang Jing learned the bad news, she was also a little silly and couldn't speak for a long time."Cole, you must have a way, don't you? You must have a way to help Vivian, right? I know you, I know you, and I've been with you since 13 years ago, so you must help me and help me keep Vivian this time..."Old Mike saw something from Yang Jing's expression, but he still begged Yang Jing. At this time, Yang Jing was almost his only spiritual pillar.Especially in recent years, this person who is nearly 20 years younger than himself is so magical. He started from a mere 30 million US dollars, increased the 30 million US dollars more than 10000 times in 13 years, and developed a small dragon fund into the largest and most terrorist fund in the world.How can such an omnipotent boss not treat Vivian?"Hey, Mike, calm down first." Yang Jing recovered, patted the old shoulder and said softly, "can you tell me about Vivian? I need to know from beginning to end in order to find a way to solve the problem. I can't help you now."Yang Jing's words immediately brightened old Mike's eyes again. He firmly grasped Yang Jing's hand and asked in an extremely eager tone: "cole, can you really save Vivian's life?"Yang Jing didn't nod or shake his head. Now he doesn't know whether his acupuncture can completely treat this incurable disease, so he doesn't dare to give old Mike any guarantee.It's definitely a very wrong way to promise at this time. If you can't finish it after you promise, it's a fatal blow to old Mike. Yang Jing doesn't want to alienate herself as a capable assistant because of a small guarantee."Mike, I don't know about Vivian now, so I need you to tell me. Mike, you shouldn't be like this at this time, because if you want to save Vivian, you can't panic first. Even you don't have the confidence to save Vivian, can you expect others? So, what you need to do now is to cheer up yourself first So that you can have enough strength to save your Vivian. "Old Mike took a deep breath and bit his cheek. Then he nodded heavily and raised his head again."Cole, Vivian felt a little uncomfortable at the beginning of last month, so she went to the hospital for examination. The result given by the doctor was Philadelphia chromosome positive chronic myeloid leukemia. The doctor said that Vivian's disease was in the chronic stage and not in the transformation stage, but according to the examination results, Vivian found it at the beginning of the chronic stage It's a kind of disease, but if there are no special control methods and drugs, he will enter the transformation period in two years at most. By that time, he will be almost hopeless. "Although old Mike's tone was very sad, his words were clear and clear. It can be seen that he is trying to cheer up now.Yang Jing asked, "so, have you applied for bone marrow matching?"Bone marrow transplantation is the best way to completely cure this disease. Of course, if old Mike and Vivian can regenerate a child, it is better to take stem cells from umbilical cord blood for treatment than bone marrow transplantation, but with the age of old Mike and Vivian, it is obviously impossible to regenerate children. Vivian has already menopause, let alone her body does not allow children.Therefore, bone marrow transplantation is the best medical means at present.But similarly, even in the United States, bone marrow transplantation is not transplantation as you want, and bone marrow matching is difficult even in the United States. It's not rare that a year or two can't match the model."Well, I applied, but I'm afraid I don't have much hope," old Mike said with a heavy heart. "Bone marrow matching depends on luck. It's normal if it doesn't match. Only a few people can find the right bone marrow for transplantation. Sorry, Cole, I just said I want to resign because I'm afraid I can't find the right bone marrow. In that case, I can only accompany Vivian and accompany her through the last part of her life."Yang Jing patted the back of the old hand and said, "Mike, I can understand your mood. If it were me, I would do the same. So, is Vivian just taking medication now?""Well, she is mainly controlled by malilan tablets now, but that kind of medicine has great toxic and side effects. Vivian has had a hard time these days.""Malilan tablets?" Yang Jing hesitated a little, and then realized that this drug had another name in China, that is, baixiao'an tablets. Before Novartis developed Gleevec, this drug and hydroxyurea sulfate were the best drugs to control leukemia.However, these two drugs have great toxic and side effects, and the therapeutic effect is far less than that of the famous Gleevec in later generations.Because Yang Jing saw the film "I'm not a god of medicine" last year and was very moved, he specially inquired about the source of the drug "Lenin" in the film. He knew very well about the real ANTI LEUKEMIA God drug greavel.But now, although greavel's research and development has already had an eye, it is only an eye. It is still six years before the real greavel carries out its first human experiment.Moreover, during this period, even Novartis has not been established. It will not be until 1996 that Swiss pharmaceutical companies Ciba geigy and Sandoz will merge into Novartis. But obviously, it is difficult for Vivian to persist for two or three years without the specific control drug greavel.But it is obviously not an easy thing to develop greavel at once. The R & D of greavel itself has gone through a long and tortuous road.Since the discovery of leukemia, human beings have been fighting against this incurable disease. In the 1950s and 1960s, the mainstream academic circles generally believed that "virus is the main cause of tumor". At this time, Nowell and hangford of the Cancer Institute of the University of Pennsylvania began to do a "deviant" thing. They were trying to find changes in genetic material in tumor cells.In 1973, Dr. Janet Raleigh, a female doctor at the University of Chicago, joined the study.Until the 1980s, with the rise of oncogene research, Dr. annilis, a New Zealand scientist, found that a homologous gene sequence of human and mouse leukemia virus c-Abl was translocated from chromosome 9 to the long arm of chromosome 22. This conclusion shows that the translocation of c-Abl leads to the occurrence of CML.From Dr. Nowell's discovery of Philadelphia chromosome in 1960 to Dr. Janet Raleigh's determination that Philadelphia chromosome was caused by chromosome translocation in 1973, and finally to Dr. annilis's discovery in 1982 that oncogene c-Abl was translocated and fused with BCR to continuously activate tyrosine kinase, which finally led to the occurrence of CML. It took 22 years.The cause of leukemia has been found, but it has taken nearly 20 years to find a solution to this pathology.In 1993, Brian Drucker, 38, came to Oregon University of Health Sciences in Portland to conduct scientific research on CML. During this period, Drucker and his colleagues in Boston developed a new method for measuring bcr-abl enzyme activity using specially designed antibodies. This method can be regarded as an invaluable tool for evaluating the potential therapy of chronic myeloid leukemia. While finding this method, Drucker must compete with competitors from other research centers to find a drug that inactivates key enzymes to inhibit cancer and allow the remaining healthy tissues to survive.Nick Leiden, a biochemist at Ciba geigy, a Swiss pharmaceutical company, is an old acquaintance of Drucker. Nick called Drucker and told him that his company had something Drucker was looking for.The drug is called STI571, which is the name of Gleevec during its development. Although it was accidentally synthesized by chemists of Ciba geigy company when looking for a new anti-inflammatory drug, through in vitro experiments, the researchers found that STI571 could inhibit the activity of the enzyme. However, they are not sure how to use the compound.In other words, Ciba geigy has a key enzyme at this critical moment, and Drucker knows how to use this key enzyme. As soon as the two met, the dry firewood met the fire and immediately had a violent chemical reaction.In August 1993, Drucker received the first batch of liquid STI571 samples and other candidate compounds from Switzerland. Using the enzyme detection technology developed with his assistance, he confirmed that STI571 can strongly inhibit bcr-abl enzyme.However, although the experiment in the laboratory is very successful, the effect of experiment on animals is not satisfactory.However, in 1997, Drucker published a large number of relevant papers with collaborators from Portland and Switzerland. He believes compound STI571 is ready for human trials. However, Novartis did not agree to conduct human experiments at this time, because in previous animal experiments, it was always impossible to solve the phenomenon that dogs administered intravenously would have blood clots at the end of the catheter, and these animals would show signs of liver injury when large doses were injected into dogs.Under the premise that this situation could not be solved, Novartis even suggested to abandon the project completely.However, Novartis's retreat did not make Drucker retreat. After all, chemotherapy will also be destructive to the canine body. So he bypassed Novartis and reported directly to the U.S. Food and Drug Administration FDA. In June 1998, after obtaining FDA approval, Drucker used STI571 to treat a 68 year old Oregon man with chronic myeloid leukemia.The effect of clinical treatment is naturally no problem, and the side effects of previous experiments on dogs are gone. It can be said that this first clinical trial has been a complete success.With more and more leukemia patients volunteering to join the clinical experiment, this drug has achieved better curative effect. Therefore, in 2001, Novartis submitted the new drug application report to the FDA, and the result was approved within two and a half months - the fastest drug review in FDA history. It is also one of the few clinical first-line new drugs directly approved in the form of "green channel" only after passing phase I clinical trial.In May 2001, the US government announced that this new drug, named Gleevec by Novartis in the North American market and Glivec in Europe, would be used to treat patients with chronic myeloid leukemia.This is the whole process of greavel's emergence. It has gone through nearly half a century, and the total research funds have exceeded US $5 billion!This drug is indeed the best drug for the treatment of leukemia. After using this drug, many leukemia patients can survive for five or six years, even without bone marrow transplantation. Some patients can even survive for more than ten or twenty years.Of course, the price of this drug is also very expensive. At least in China, this drug is definitely not affordable to ordinary people."I'm not a god of medicine", but it was based on all kinds of things caused by this medicine in China.However, in this era, greavel has not been developed yetPS: bow and thank "little fish 62" and "very lazy fish" for their reward of 100.
